Parasha: Yitro · Aliyah: Second (Gevurah)

Exodus 18:13–18:23
י"ח:י"ג וַיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִשְׁפֹּ֣ט אֶת־הָעָ֑ם וַיַּעֲמֹ֤ד הָעָם֙ עַל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה מִן־הַבֹּ֖קֶר עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃
18:13 Next day, Moses sat as magistrate among the people, while the people stood about Moses from morning until evening.
18:13 And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people; and the people stood about Moses from the morning unto the evening.
י"ח:י"ג וַהֲוָה מִיוֹמָא דְבַתְרוֹהִי וִיתֵיב משֶׁה לְמִדַן יָת עַמָא וְקָם עַמָא עִלָוֹהִי דְמשֶׁה מִן צַפְרָא עַד רַמְשָׁא:
י"ח:י"ד וַיַּרְא֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ה֥וּא עֹשֶׂ֖ה לָעָ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אַתָּ֤ה עֹשֶׂה֙ לָעָ֔ם מַדּ֗וּעַ אַתָּ֤ה יוֹשֵׁב֙ לְבַדֶּ֔ךָ וְכָל־הָעָ֛ם נִצָּ֥ב עָלֶ֖יךָ מִן־בֹּ֥קֶר עַד־עָֽרֶב׃
18:14 But when Moses’ father-in-law saw how much he had to do for the people, he said, “What is this thing that you are doing to the people? Why do you actdLit. “sit” as magistrate; cf. v. 13. alone, while all the people stand about you from morning until evening?”
18:14 And when Moses’father-in-law saw all that he did to the people, he said: ‘What is this thing that thou doest to the people? why sittest thou thyself alone, and all the people stand about thee from morning unto even?’
י"ח:י"ד וַחֲזָא חֲמוּהִי דְמשֶׁה יָת כָּל דִי הוּא עָבֵד לְעַמָא וַאֲמַר מָה פִתְגָמָא הָדֵין דִי אַתְּ עָבֵד לְעַמָא מָה דֵין אַתְּ יָתֵב בִּלְחוֹדָךְ וְכָל עַמָא קָיְמִין עִלָוָךְ מִן צַפְרָא עַד רַמְשָׁא:
י"ח:ט"ו וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֖ה לְחֹתְנ֑וֹ כִּֽי־יָבֹ֥א אֵלַ֛י הָעָ֖ם לִדְרֹ֥שׁ אֱלֹהִֽים׃
18:15 Moses replied to his father-in-law, “It is because the people come to me to inquire of God.
18:15 And Moses said unto his father-in-law: ‘Because the people come unto me to inquire of God;
י"ח:ט"ו וַאֲמַר משֶׁה לַחֲמוּהִי אֲרֵי אָתָן לְוָתִי עַמָא לְמִתְבַּע אוּלְפַן מִן קֳדָם יְיָ:
י"ח:ט"ז כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֨ה לָהֶ֤ם דָּבָר֙ בָּ֣א אֵלַ֔י וְשָׁ֣פַטְתִּ֔י בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ וּבֵ֣ין רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְהוֹדַעְתִּ֛י אֶת־חֻקֵּ֥י הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים וְאֶת־תּוֹרֹתָֽיו׃
18:16 When they have a dispute, it comes before me, and I decide between one person and another, and I make known the laws and teachings of God.”
18:16 when they have a matter, it cometh unto me; and I judge between a man and his neighbour, and I make them know the statutes of God, and His laws.’
י"ח:ט"ז כַּד הֲוֵי לְהוֹן דִינָא אָתָן לְוָתִי וְדָאִינָא בֵּין גַבְרָא וּבֵין חַבְרֵהּ וּמְהוֹדַעְנָא לְהוֹן יָת קְיָמַיָא דַיְיָ וְיָת אוֹרָיָתֵהּ:
י"ח:י"ז וַיֹּ֛אמֶר חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֵלָ֑יו לֹא־טוֹב֙ הַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֖ה עֹשֶֽׂה׃
18:17 But Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “The thing you are doing is not right;
18:17 And Moses’father-in-law said unto him: ‘The thing that thou doest is not good.
י"ח:י"ז וַאֲמַר חֲמוּהִי דְמשֶׁה לֵהּ לָא תַקִין פִּתְגָמָא דְאַתְּ עָבֵד:
י"ח:י"ח נָבֹ֣ל תִּבֹּ֔ל גַּם־אַתָּ֕ה גַּם־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמָּ֑ךְ כִּֽי־כָבֵ֤ד מִמְּךָ֙ הַדָּבָ֔ר לֹא־תוּכַ֥ל עֲשֹׂ֖הוּ לְבַדֶּֽךָ׃
18:18 you will surely wear yourself out, and these people as well. For the task is too heavy for you; you cannot do it alone.
18:18 Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee; for the thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone.
י"ח:י"ח מִלְאָה תִלְאֶה אַף אַתְּ אַף עַמָא הָדֵין דִעִמָךְ אֲרֵי יַקִיר מִנָךְ פִּתְגָמָא לָא תִכּוֹל לְמֶעְבְּדֵהּ בִּלְחוֹדָךְ:
י"ח:י"ט עַתָּ֞ה שְׁמַ֤ע בְּקֹלִי֙ אִיעָ֣צְךָ֔ וִיהִ֥י אֱלֹהִ֖ים עִמָּ֑ךְ הֱיֵ֧ה אַתָּ֣ה לָעָ֗ם מ֚וּל הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים וְהֵבֵאתָ֥ אַתָּ֛ה אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃
18:19 Now listen to me. I will give you counsel, and God be with you! You represent the people before God: you bring the disputes before God,
18:19 Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God be with thee: be thou for the people before God, and bring thou the causes unto God.
י"ח:י"ט כְּעַן קַבֵּל מִנִי אֲמַלְכִנָךְ וִיהֵי מֵימְרָא דַיְיָ בְּסַעְדָךְ הֱוֵי אַתְּ לְעַמָא (תְּבַע) אוּלְפַן מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וּתְהֵי מַיְתִי אַתְּ יָת פִּתְגָמַיָא לִקֳדָם יְיָ:
י"ח:כ׳ וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֣ה אֶתְהֶ֔ם אֶת־הַחֻקִּ֖ים וְאֶת־הַתּוֹרֹ֑ת וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֣ לָהֶ֗ם אֶת־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ יֵ֣לְכוּ בָ֔הּ וְאֶת־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַעֲשֽׂוּן׃
18:20 and enjoin upon them the laws and the teachings, and make known to them the way they are to go and the practices they are to follow.
18:20 And thou shalt teach them the statutes and the laws, and shalt show them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.
י"ח:כ׳ וְתַזְהַר יָתְהוֹן יָת קְיָמַיָא וְיָת אוֹרַיְתָא וּתְהוֹדַע לְהוֹן יָת אוֹרְחָא דִיְהָכוּן בַּהּ וְיָת עוֹבָדָא דִיַעְבְּדוּן:
י"ח:כ"א וְאַתָּ֣ה תֶחֱזֶ֣ה מִכָּל־הָ֠עָם אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֜יִל יִרְאֵ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אַנְשֵׁ֥י אֱמֶ֖ת שֹׂ֣נְאֵי בָ֑צַע וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ עֲלֵהֶ֗ם שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֔וֹת שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת׃
18:21 You shall also seek out from among all the people capable men who fear God, trustworthy men who spurn ill-gotten gain. Set these over them as chiefs of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens,
18:21 Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating unjust gain; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.
י"ח:כ"א וְאַתְּ תֶּחֶזֵי מִכָּל עַמָא גֻבְרִין דְחֵילָא דַחֲלַיָא דַיְיָ גֻבְרִין דִקְשׁוֹט דְסָנָן לְקַבָּלָא מָמוֹן וּתְמַנֵי עֲלֵיהוֹן רַבָּנֵי אַלְפִין רַבָּנֵי מָאוָתָא רַבָּנֵי חַמְשִׁין וְרַבָּנֵי עִשׂוֹרְיָתָא:
י"ח:כ"ב וְשָׁפְט֣וּ אֶת־הָעָם֮ בְּכָל־עֵת֒ וְהָיָ֞ה כָּל־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַגָּדֹל֙ יָבִ֣יאוּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְכָל־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַקָּטֹ֖ן יִשְׁפְּטוּ־הֵ֑ם וְהָקֵל֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ וְנָשְׂא֖וּ אִתָּֽךְ׃
18:22 and let them judge the people at all times. Have them bring every major dispute to you, but let them decide every minor dispute themselves. Make it easier for yourself by letting them share the burden with you.
18:22 And let them judge the people at all seasons; and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge themselves; so shall they make it easier for thee and bear the burden with thee.
י"ח:כ"ב וִידוּנוּן יָת עַמָא בְּכָל עִדַן וִיהֵי כָּל פִּתְגַם רַב יַיְתוּן לְוָתָךְ וְכָל פִּתְגַם זְעֵיר יְדוּנוּן אִנוּן וְיִקְלוּן מִנָךְ וִיסוֹבְרוּן עִמָךְ:
י"ח:כ"ג אִ֣ם אֶת־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְצִוְּךָ֣ אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְיָֽכָלְתָּ֖ עֲמֹ֑ד וְגַם֙ כָּל־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה עַל־מְקֹמ֖וֹ יָבֹ֥א בְשָׁלֽוֹם׃
18:23 If you do this—and God so commands you—you will be able to bear up; and all these people too will go home unwearied.”
18:23 If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people also shall go to their place in peace.’
י"ח:כ"ג אִם יָת פִּתְגָמָא הָדֵין תַּעְבֵּד וִיפַקְדִנָךְ יְיָ וְתִכּוֹל לְמֵיקָם וְאַף כָּל עַמָא הָדֵין עַל אַתְרֵהּ יְהַךְ בִּשְׁלָם:

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