Parasha: Shelach · Aliyah: Sixth (Yesod)

Numbers 15:17–15:26
ט"ו:י"ז וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃
15:17 The LORD spoke to Moses, saying:
15:17 And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying:
ט"ו:י"ז וּמַלִּיל יְיָ עִם משֶׁה לְמֵימָר:
ט"ו:י"ח דַּבֵּר֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם בְּבֹֽאֲכֶם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֛י מֵבִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֖ם שָֽׁמָּה׃
15:18 Speak to the Israelite people and say to them: When you enter the land to which I am taking you
15:18 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: When ye come into the land whither I bring you,
ט"ו:י"ח מַלֵּל עִם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְתֵימַר לְהוֹן בְּמֵעַלְכוֹן לְאַרְעָא דִּי אֲנָא מָעֵל יָתְכוֹן לְתַמָּן:
ט"ו:י"ט וְהָיָ֕ה בַּאֲכָלְכֶ֖ם מִלֶּ֣חֶם הָאָ֑רֶץ תָּרִ֥ימוּ תְרוּמָ֖ה לַיהוָֽה׃
15:19 and you eat of the bread of the land, you shall set some aside as a gift to the LORD:
15:19 then it shall be, that, when ye eat of the bread of the land, ye shall set apart a portion for a gift unto the LORD.
ט"ו:י"ט וִיהֵי בְּמֵיכַלְכוֹן מִלַּחְמָא דְאַרְעָא תַּפְרְשׁוּן אַפְרָשׁוּתָא קֳדָם יְיָ:
ט"ו:כ׳ רֵאשִׁית֙ עֲרִסֹ֣תֵכֶ֔ם חַלָּ֖ה תָּרִ֣ימוּ תְרוּמָ֑ה כִּתְרוּמַ֣ת גֹּ֔רֶן כֵּ֖ן תָּרִ֥ימוּ אֹתָֽהּ׃
15:20 as the first yield of your baking,cMeaning of Heb. ‘arisah uncertain. you shall set aside a loaf as a gift; you shall set it aside as a gift like the gift from the threshing floor.
15:20 Of the first of your dough ye shall set apart a cake for a gift; as that which is set apart of the threshing-floor, so shall ye set it apart.
ט"ו:כ׳ רֵישׁ אַצְוַתְכוֹן חַלְּתָא תַּפְרְשׁוּן אַפְרָשׁוּתָא כְּמָא דִי מַפְרְשִׁין מִן אִדְרָא כֵּן תַּפְרְשׁוּן יָתַהּ:
ט"ו:כ"א מֵרֵאשִׁית֙ עֲרִסֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם תִּתְּנ֥וּ לַיהוָ֖ה תְּרוּמָ֑ה לְדֹרֹ֖תֵיכֶֽם׃ (ס)
15:21 You shall make a gift to the LORD from the first yield of your baking, throughout the ages.
15:21 Of the first of your dough ye shall give unto the LORD a portion for a gift throughout your generations.
ט"ו:כ"א מֵרֵישׁ אַצְוַתְכוֹן תִּתְּנוּן קֳדָם יְיָ אַפְרָשׁוּתָא לְדָרֵיכוֹן:
ט"ו:כ"ב וְכִ֣י תִשְׁגּ֔וּ וְלֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֔וּ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַמִּצְוֺ֖ת הָאֵ֑לֶּה אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶֽׁה׃
15:22 If you unwittingly fail to observe any one of the commandments that the LORD has declared to Moses—
15:22 And when ye shall err, and not observe all these commandments, which the LORD hath spoken unto Moses,
ט"ו:כ"ב וַאֲרֵי תִשְׁתְּלוּן וְלָא תַעְבְּדוּן יָת כָּל פִּקּוֹדַיָּא הָאִלֵּין דִּי מַלִּיל יְיָ עִם משֶׁה:
ט"ו:כ"ב אור החיים
1וְכִי תִשְׁגּוּ וְלֹא תַעֲשׂוּ וְגוֹ׳. רַזַ״ל אָמְרוּ (הוריות ח.) שֶׁכָּתוּב זֶה מְדַבֵּר בְּעוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה, וְיֵשׁ בּוֹ כֶּפֶל אָמְרוֹ אֵת כָּל הַמִּצְוֹת וְגוֹ׳ אֵת כָּל אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה וְגוֹ׳, שֶׁבָּא לוֹמַר שֶׁכּוֹפֵר בַּעֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת וּבְכָל שְׁאָר מִצְווֹת שֶׁנִּצְטַוּוּ עַל יְדֵי מֹשֶׁה. וְחוּץ מִדִּבְרֵיהֶם נִרְאֶה שֶׁבָּא לוֹמַר שֶׁהָעוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה הֲרֵי הוּא כְּעוֹבֵר עַל כָּל מִצְוֹת לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה וּמְבַטֵּל כָּל מִצְוֹת עֲשֵׂה. כְּנֶגֶד בִּטּוּל מִצְוֹת עֲשֵׂה אָמַר ״וְלֹא תַעֲשׂוּ אֵת כָּל הַמִּצְוֹת״ – הֲרֵי בִּטּוּל כָּל מִצְוֹת עֲשֵׂה, וּכְנֶגֶד עֲבֵרַת עַל כָּל מִצְוֹת לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה אָמַר ״אֵת כָּל אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה ה׳ אֲלֵיכֶם״. וְחִדּוּשׁ הִשְׁמִיעָנוּ הַכָּתוּב בְּמִצְוֹת עֲשֵׂה וּבְמִצְוֹת לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה, כִּי יֵשׁ בְּמִצְוֹת עֲשֵׂה שֶׁשְּׁקוּלָה כְּנֶגֶד כָּל הַתּוֹרָה, אַף עַל פִּי כֵן הָעוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה הֲרֵי הוּא כְּכוֹפֵר גַּם בָּהּ. וּכְמוֹ כֵן יֵשׁ בְּמִצְוֹת לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה חֲמוּרוֹת, הֲרֵי הוּא גַּם כֵּן כְּכוֹפֵר בְּכוּלָּן וְעָנְשׁוֹ שָׁקוּל לַכֹּל.
וכי תשגו ולא תעשו, If you err and do not observe, etc. We are taught in Horiot 8 that this verse speaks about someone who commits the sin of idolatry. We find that the Torah repeats itself here, first writing "all the commandments," and then, in verse 23, "all that G'd has commanded you." The Torah appears to speak of someone who denies the validity of the Ten Commandments [commandments the people heard from G'd directly, Ed.] as well as all of the other commandments recorded in the written Torah but relayed to the people only through Moses. The message of the verse is that if someone worships idols he effectively rejects all the positive as well as all the negative commandments which make up Judaism. The words לא תעשו refer to the positive commandments, whereas the words את כל אשר צוה ה׳ אליכם refer to the negative commandments. The Torah informs us of a new concept, i.e. that there are individual positive commandments whose performance is equated with performance of all the positive commandments. Nonetheless, if someone worships idols he is considered as if he had also denied the validity of all the positive commandments. Similarly, there are some negative commandments the violation of which is considered as equivalent to rejection of all the negative commandments and the punishment in store for the person guilty of this is that which would be visited upon a person who had physically violated all the negative commandments.
ט"ו:כ"ג אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֑ה מִן־הַיּ֞וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה וָהָ֖לְאָה לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶֽם׃
15:23 anything that the LORD has enjoined upon you through Moses—from the day that the LORD gave the commandment and on through the ages:
15:23 even all that the LORD hath commanded you by the hand of Moses, from the day that the LORD gave commandment, and onward throughout your generations;
ט"ו:כ"ג יָת כָּל דִּי פַקִּיד יְיָ יָתְכוֹן בִּידָא דְמשֶׁה מִן יוֹמָא דִּי פַקִּיד יְיָ וּלְהַלָּא לְדָרֵיכוֹן:
ט"ו:כ"ד וְהָיָ֗ה אִ֣ם מֵעֵינֵ֣י הָעֵדָה֮ נֶעֶשְׂתָ֣ה לִשְׁגָגָה֒ וְעָשׂ֣וּ כָל־הָעֵדָ֡ה פַּ֣ר בֶּן־בָּקָר֩ אֶחָ֨ד לְעֹלָ֜ה לְרֵ֤יחַ נִיחֹ֙חַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וּמִנְחָת֥וֹ וְנִסְכּ֖וֹ כַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט וּשְׂעִיר־עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד לְחַטָּֽת׃
15:24 If this was done unwittingly, through the inadvertence of the community, the whole community shall present one bull of the herd as a burnt offering of pleasing odor to the LORD, with its proper meal offering and libation, and one he-goat as a sin offering.
15:24 then it shall be, if it be done in error by the congregation, it being hid from their eyes, that all the congregation shall offer one young bullock for a burnt-offering, for a sweet savour unto the LORD—with the meal-offering thereof, and the drink-offering thereof, according to the ordinance—and one he-goat for a sin-offering.
ט"ו:כ"ד וִיהֵי אִם מֵעֵינֵי כְנִשְׁתָּא אִתְעֲבֵדַת לְשָׁלוּ וְיַעְבְּדוּן כָּל כְּנִשְׁתָּא תּוֹר בַּר תּוֹרֵי חַד לַעֲלָתָא לְאִתְקַבָּלָא בְרַעֲוָא קֳדָם יְיָ וּמִנְחָתֵיהּ וְנִסְכֵּיהּ כִּדְחָזֵי וּצְפִיר בַּר עִזֵּי חַד לְחַטָּאתָא:
ט"ו:כ"ה וְכִפֶּ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֗ן עַֽל־כָּל־עֲדַ֛ת בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְנִסְלַ֣ח לָהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־שְׁגָגָ֣ה הִ֔וא וְהֵם֩ הֵבִ֨יאוּ אֶת־קָרְבָּנָ֜ם אִשֶּׁ֣ה לַֽיהוָ֗ה וְחַטָּאתָ֛ם לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עַל־שִׁגְגָתָֽם׃
15:25 The priest shall make expiation for the whole Israelite community and they shall be forgiven; for it was an error, and for their error they have brought their offering, an offering by fire to the LORD and their sin offering before the LORD.
15:25 And the priest shall make atonement for all the congregation of the children of Israel, and they shall be forgiven; for it was an error, and they have brought their offering, an offering made by fire unto the LORD, and their sin-offering before the LORD, for their error.
ט"ו:כ"ה וִיכַפַּר כַּהֲנָא עַל כָּל כְּנִשְׁתָּא דִּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְיִשְׁתְּבֵק לְהוֹן אֲרֵי שָׁלוּתָא הִיא וְאִנּוּן אַיְתִיאוּ יָת קֻרְבַּנְהוֹן קֻרְבָּנָא קֳדָם יְיָ וְחוֹבַתְהוֹן קֳדָם יְיָ עַל שָׁלוּתְהוֹן:
ט"ו:כ"ו וְנִסְלַ֗ח לְכָל־עֲדַת֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלַגֵּ֖ר הַגָּ֣ר בְּתוֹכָ֑ם כִּ֥י לְכָל־הָעָ֖ם בִּשְׁגָגָֽה׃ (ס)
15:26 The whole Israelite community and the stranger residing among them shall be forgiven, for it happened to the entire people through error.
15:26 And all the congregation of the children of Israel shall be forgiven, and the stranger that sojourneth among them; for in respect of all the people it was done in error.
ט"ו:כ"ו וְיִשְׁתְּבֵק לְכָל כְּנִשְׁתָּא דִּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּלְגִיּוֹרָא דְּיִתְגַּיַּר בֵּינֵיהוֹן אֲרֵי לְכָל עַמָּא בְּשָׁלוּתָא:

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