Parasha: Mishpatim · Aliyah: Third (Tiferet)

Exodus 22:4–22:26
כ"ב:ד׳ כִּ֤י יַבְעֶר־אִישׁ֙ שָׂדֶ֣ה אוֹ־כֶ֔רֶם וְשִׁלַּח֙ אֶת־בעירה [בְּעִיר֔וֹ] וּבִעֵ֖ר בִּשְׂדֵ֣ה אַחֵ֑ר מֵיטַ֥ב שָׂדֵ֛הוּ וּמֵיטַ֥ב כַּרְמ֖וֹ יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ (ס)
22:4 When a man lets his livestock loose to graze in another’s land, and so allows a field or a vineyard to be grazed bare, he must make restitution for the impairmentcLit. “excellence.” of that field or vineyard.
22:4 If a man cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall let his beast loose, and it feed in another man’s field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.
כ"ב:ד׳ אֲרֵי יֹאכִיל גְבַר חֲקַל אוֹ כְרָם וִישַׁלַח יָת בְּעִירֵהּ וְיֵיכוּל בַּחֲקַל אָחֳרָן שְׁפַר חַקְלֵהּ וּשְׁפַר כַּרְמֵהּ יְשַׁלֵם:
כ"ב:ה׳ כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א אֵ֜שׁ וּמָצְאָ֤ה קֹצִים֙ וְנֶאֱכַ֣ל גָּדִ֔ישׁ א֥וֹ הַקָּמָ֖ה א֣וֹ הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה שַׁלֵּ֣ם יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם הַמַּבְעִ֖ר אֶת־הַבְּעֵרָֽה׃ (ס)
22:5 When a fire is started and spreads to thorns, so that stacked, standing, or growingdLit. “field.” grain is consumed, he who started the fire must make restitution.
22:5 If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the shocks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field are consumed; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.
כ"ב:ה׳ אֲרֵי תִתַּפַּק נוּר וְיַשְׁכַּח כּוּבִין וְיֵיכוּל גְדִישִׁין אוֹ קֳמָא אוֹ חַקְלָא שַׁלָמָא יְשַׁלֵם דְאַדְלֵק יָת דְלֶקְתָּא:
כ"ב:ו׳ כִּֽי־יִתֵּן֩ אִ֨ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֜הוּ כֶּ֤סֶף אֽוֹ־כֵלִים֙ לִשְׁמֹ֔ר וְגֻנַּ֖ב מִבֵּ֣ית הָאִ֑ישׁ אִם־יִמָּצֵ֥א הַגַּנָּ֖ב יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם שְׁנָֽיִם׃
22:6 When a man gives money or goods to another for safekeeping, and they are stolen from the man’s house—if the thief is caught, he shall pay double;
22:6 If a man deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man’s house; if the thief be found, he shall pay double.
כ"ב:ו׳ אֲרֵי יִתֵּן גְבַר לְחַבְרֵהּ כְּסַף אוֹ מָנִין לְמִטַר וְיִתְגַנְבוּן מִבֵּית גַבְרָא אִם יִשְׁתְּכַח גַנָבָא יְשַׁלֵם עַל חַד תְּרֵין:
כ"ב:ז׳ אִם־לֹ֤א יִמָּצֵא֙ הַגַּנָּ֔ב וְנִקְרַ֥ב בַּֽעַל־הַבַּ֖יִת אֶל־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים אִם־לֹ֥א שָׁלַ֛ח יָד֖וֹ בִּמְלֶ֥אכֶת רֵעֵֽהוּ׃
22:7 if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house shall depose before GodeSee note on 21.6. that he has not laid hands on the other’s property.
22:7 If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall come near unto God, to see whether he have not put his hand unto his neighbour’s goods.
כ"ב:ז׳ אִם לָא יִשְׁתְּכַח גַנָבָא וְיִתְקָרֵב מָרֵי דְבֵיתָא לִקֳדָם דַיָנַיָא אִם לָא אוֹשִׁיט יְדֵהּ בְּמָא דִמְסַר לֵהּ חַבְרֵהּ:
כ"ב:ח׳ עַֽל־כָּל־דְּבַר־פֶּ֡שַׁע עַל־שׁ֡וֹר עַל־חֲ֠מוֹר עַל־שֶׂ֨ה עַל־שַׂלְמָ֜ה עַל־כָּל־אֲבֵדָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יֹאמַר֙ כִּי־ה֣וּא זֶ֔ה עַ֚ד הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים יָבֹ֖א דְּבַר־שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַרְשִׁיעֻן֙ אֱלֹהִ֔ים יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם שְׁנַ֖יִם לְרֵעֵֽהוּ׃ (ס)
22:8 In all charges of misappropriation—pertaining to an ox, an ass, a sheep, a garment, or any other loss, whereof one party alleges, “This is it”—the case of both parties shall come before God: he whom God declares guilty shall pay double to the other.
22:8 For every matter of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing, whereof one saith: 'This is it,' the cause of both parties shall come before God; he whom God shall condemn shall pay double unto his neighbour.
כ"ב:ח׳ עַל כָּל פִּתְגַם דְחוֹב עַל תּוֹר עַל חֲמַר עַל אִמָר עַל כְּסוּ עַל כָּל אֲבֶדְתָּא דִי יֵימַר אֲרֵי הוּא דֵין לִקֳדָם דַיָנַיָא יֵיעוֹל דִין תַּרְוֵיהוֹן דִי יְחַיְבוּן דַיָנַיָא יְשַׁלֵם עַל חַד תְּרֵין לְחַבְרֵהּ:
כ"ב:ט׳ כִּֽי־יִתֵּן֩ אִ֨ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֜הוּ חֲמ֨וֹר אוֹ־שׁ֥וֹר אוֹ־שֶׂ֛ה וְכָל־בְּהֵמָ֖ה לִשְׁמֹ֑ר וּמֵ֛ת אוֹ־נִשְׁבַּ֥ר אוֹ־נִשְׁבָּ֖ה אֵ֥ין רֹאֶֽה׃
22:9 When a man gives to another an ass, an ox, a sheep or any other animal to guard, and it dies or is injured or is carried off, with no witness about,
22:9 If a man deliver unto his neighbour an ass, or an ox, or a sheep, or any beast, to keep, and it die, or be hurt, or driven away, no man seeing it;
כ"ב:ט׳ אֲרֵי יִתֵּן גְבַר לְחַבְרֵהּ חֲמַר אוֹ תוֹר אוֹ אִמָר וְכָל בְּעִירָא לְמִטָר וּמִית אוֹ אִתְּבַר אוֹ אִשְׁתְּבִי לֵית דְחָזֵי:
כ"ב:י׳ שְׁבֻעַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה תִּהְיֶה֙ בֵּ֣ין שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם אִם־לֹ֥א שָׁלַ֛ח יָד֖וֹ בִּמְלֶ֣אכֶת רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְלָקַ֥ח בְּעָלָ֖יו וְלֹ֥א יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃
22:10 an oath before the LORD shall decide between the two of them that the one has not laid hands on the property of the other; the owner must acquiesce, and no restitution shall be made.
22:10 the oath of the LORD shall be between them both, to see whether he have not put his hand unto his neighbour’s goods; and the owner thereof shall accept it, and he shall not make restitution.
כ"ב:י׳ מוֹמָתָא דַיְיָ תְּהֵי בֵּין תַּרְוֵיהוֹן אִם לָא אוֹשִׁיט יְדֵהּ בְּמָא דִמְסַר לֵהּ חַבְרֵהּ וִיקַבֵּל מָרֵהּ מִנֵהּ מוֹמָתָא וְלָא יְשַׁלֵם:
כ"ב:י"א וְאִם־גָּנֹ֥ב יִגָּנֵ֖ב מֵעִמּ֑וֹ יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם לִבְעָלָֽיו׃
22:11 But if [the animal] was stolen from him, he shall make restitution to its owner.
22:11 But if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof.
כ"ב:י"א וְאִם אִתְגְנָבָא יִתְגְנֵב מֵעִמֵהּ יְשַׁלֵם לְמָרוֹהִי:
כ"ב:י"ב אִם־טָרֹ֥ף יִטָּרֵ֖ף יְבִאֵ֣הוּ עֵ֑ד הַטְּרֵפָ֖ה לֹ֥א יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ (פ)
22:12 If it was torn by beasts, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not replace what has been torn by beasts.
22:12 If it be torn in pieces, let him bring it for witness; he shall not make good that which was torn.
כ"ב:י"ב אִם אִתְּבָרָא יִתְּבַר יַיְתִי סַהֲדִין דִתְבִירָא לָא יְשַׁלֵם:
יביאהו עד. יָבִיא עֵדִים שֶׁנִּטְרְפָה בְאֹנֶס וּפָטוּר:
כ"ב:י"ג וְכִֽי־יִשְׁאַ֥ל אִ֛ישׁ מֵעִ֥ם רֵעֵ֖הוּ וְנִשְׁבַּ֣ר אוֹ־מֵ֑ת בְּעָלָ֥יו אֵין־עִמּ֖וֹ שַׁלֵּ֥ם יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃
22:13 When a man borrows [an animal] from another and it dies or is injured, its owner not being with it, he must make restitution.
22:13 And if a man borrow aught of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof not being with it, he shall surely make restitution.
כ"ב:י"ג וַאֲרֵי יִשְׁאַל גְבַר מִן חַבְרֵהּ וְיִתְּבַר אוֹ מִית מָרֵהּ לֵית עִמֵהּ שַׁלָמָא יְשַׁלֵם:
כ"ב:י"ד אִם־בְּעָלָ֥יו עִמּ֖וֹ לֹ֣א יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם אִם־שָׂכִ֣יר ה֔וּא בָּ֖א בִּשְׂכָרֽוֹ׃ (ס)
22:14 If its owner was with it, no restitution need be made; but if it was hired, he is entitled to the hire.
22:14 If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good; if it be a hireling, he loseth his hire.
כ"ב:י"ד אִם מָרֵהּ עִמֵהּ לָא יְשַׁלֵם אִם אֲגִירָא הוּא עַל בְּאַגְרֵהּ:
כ"ב:ט"ו וְכִֽי־יְפַתֶּ֣ה אִ֗ישׁ בְּתוּלָ֛ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־אֹרָ֖שָׂה וְשָׁכַ֣ב עִמָּ֑הּ מָהֹ֛ר יִמְהָרֶ֥נָּה לּ֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃
22:15 If a man seduces a virgin for whom the bride-price has not been paid,fSo that she is unmarried; cf. Deut. 20.7; 22.23 ff. and lies with her, he must make her his wife by payment of a bride-price.
22:15 And if a man entice a virgin that is not betrothed, and lie with her, he shall surely pay a dowry for her to be his wife.
כ"ב:ט"ו וַאֲרֵי יְשַׁדֵל גְבַר בְתֻלְתָּא דִּי לָא מְאַרְסָא וְיִשְׁכּוּב עִמַהּ קַיָמָא יְקַיְמִנַהּ לֵהּ לְאִנְתּוּ:
כ"ב:ט"ז אִם־מָאֵ֧ן יְמָאֵ֛ן אָבִ֖יהָ לְתִתָּ֣הּ ל֑וֹ כֶּ֣סֶף יִשְׁקֹ֔ל כְּמֹ֖הַר הַבְּתוּלֹֽת׃ (ס)
22:16 If her father refuses to give her to him, he must still weigh out silver in accordance with the bride-price for virgins.
22:16 If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.
כ"ב:ט"ז אִם מִצְבָּא לָא יִצְבֵּי אֲבוּהָא לְמִתְּנַהּ לֵהּ כַּסְפָּא יִתְקוֹל כְּמוֹהֲרֵי בְּתֻלְתָּא:
כ"ב:י"ז מְכַשֵּׁפָ֖ה לֹ֥א תְחַיֶּֽה׃ (ס)
22:17 You shall not tolerategLit. “let live.” a sorceress.
22:17 Thou shalt not suffer a sorceress to live.
כ"ב:י"ז חָרָשָׁא לָא תָחֵי:
כ"ב:י"ח כָּל־שֹׁכֵ֥ב עִם־בְּהֵמָ֖ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃ (ס)
22:18 Whoever lies with a beast shall be put to death.
22:18 Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death.
כ"ב:י"ח כָּל דְיִשְׁכּוּב עִם בְּעִירָא אִתְקְטָלָא יִתְקְטֵל:
כ"ב:י"ט זֹבֵ֥חַ לָאֱלֹהִ֖ים יָֽחֳרָ֑ם בִּלְתִּ֥י לַיהוָ֖ה לְבַדּֽוֹ׃
22:19 Whoever sacrifices to a god other than the LORD alone shall be proscribed.hSee Lev. 27.29.
22:19 He that sacrificeth unto the gods, save unto the LORD only, shall be utterly destroyed.
כ"ב:י"ט דְדַבַּח לְטַעְוַת עַמְמַיָא יִתְקְטֵל אֶלָהֵן לִשְׁמָא דַיְיָ בִּלְחוֹדוֹהִי:
כ"ב:כ׳ וְגֵ֥ר לֹא־תוֹנֶ֖ה וְלֹ֣א תִלְחָצֶ֑נּוּ כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
22:20 You shall not wrong a stranger or oppress him, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt.
22:20 And a stranger shalt thou not wrong, neither shalt thou oppress him; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
כ"ב:כ׳ וְגִיוֹרָא לָא תוֹנוּן וְלָא תְעִיקוּן לֵהּ אֲרֵי דַיָרִין הֱוֵיתוּן בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם:
כ"ב:כ"א כָּל־אַלְמָנָ֥ה וְיָת֖וֹם לֹ֥א תְעַנּֽוּן׃
22:21 You shall not ill-treat any widow or orphan.
22:21 Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child.
כ"ב:כ"א כָּל אַרְמְלָא וְיִתָּם לָא תְעַנוּן:
כ"ב:כ"ב אִם־עַנֵּ֥ה תְעַנֶּ֖ה אֹת֑וֹ כִּ֣י אִם־צָעֹ֤ק יִצְעַק֙ אֵלַ֔י שָׁמֹ֥עַ אֶשְׁמַ֖ע צַעֲקָתֽוֹ׃
22:22 If you do mistreat them, I will heed their outcry as soon as they cry out to Me,
22:22 If thou afflict them in any wise—for if they cry at all unto Me, I will surely hear their cry—
כ"ב:כ"ב אִם עַנָאָה תְעַנֵי יָתֵהּ אֲרֵי אִם מִקְבַל יִקְבֵל קֳדָמַי קַבָּלָא אֱקַבֵּל קְבִלְתֵּהּ:
כ"ב:כ"ג וְחָרָ֣ה אַפִּ֔י וְהָרַגְתִּ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם בֶּחָ֑רֶב וְהָי֤וּ נְשֵׁיכֶם֙ אַלְמָנ֔וֹת וּבְנֵיכֶ֖ם יְתֹמִֽים׃ (פ)
22:23 and My anger shall blaze forth and I will put you to the sword, and your own wives shall become widows and your children orphans.
22:23 My wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.
כ"ב:כ"ג וְיִתְקֵף רוּגְזִי וְאֶקְטוֹל יָתְכוֹן בְּחַרְבָּא וִיהֶוְיָן נְשֵׁיכוֹן אַרְמְלִין וּבְנֵיכוֹן יַתְמִין:
כ"ב:כ"ד אִם־כֶּ֣סֶף ׀ תַּלְוֶ֣ה אֶת־עַמִּ֗י אֶת־הֶֽעָנִי֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹא־תִהְיֶ֥ה ל֖וֹ כְּנֹשֶׁ֑ה לֹֽא־תְשִׂימ֥וּן עָלָ֖יו נֶֽשֶׁךְ׃
22:24 If you lend money to My people, to the poor among you, do not act toward them as a creditor; exact no interest from them.
22:24 If thou lend money to any of My people, even to the poor with thee, thou shalt not be to him as a creditor; neither shall ye lay upon him interest.
כ"ב:כ"ד אִם כַּסְפָּא תּוֹזֵף בְּעַמִי לְעַנְיָא דִי עִמָךְ לָא תְהֵי לֵהּ כְּרַשְׁיָא לָא תְשַׁוּוֹן עֲלוֹהִי חִבּוּלְיָא:
כ"ב:כ"ה אִם־חָבֹ֥ל תַּחְבֹּ֖ל שַׂלְמַ֣ת רֵעֶ֑ךָ עַד־בֹּ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ תְּשִׁיבֶ֥נּוּ לֽוֹ׃
22:25 If you take your neighbor’s garment in pledge, you must return it to him before the sun sets;
22:25 If thou at all take thy neighbour’s garment to pledge, thou shalt restore it unto him by that the sun goeth down;
כ"ב:כ"ה אִם מַשְׁכּוֹנָא תִסַב כְּסוּתָא דְחַבְרָךְ עַד מֵעַל שִׁמְשָׁא תְּתִיבִנֵהּ לֵהּ:
כ"ב:כ"ו כִּ֣י הִ֤וא כסותה [כְסוּתוֹ֙] לְבַדָּ֔הּ הִ֥וא שִׂמְלָת֖וֹ לְעֹר֑וֹ בַּמֶּ֣ה יִשְׁכָּ֔ב וְהָיָה֙ כִּֽי־יִצְעַ֣ק אֵלַ֔י וְשָׁמַעְתִּ֖י כִּֽי־חַנּ֥וּן אָֽנִי׃ (ס)
22:26 it is his only clothing, the sole covering for his skin. In what else shall he sleep? Therefore, if he cries out to Me, I will pay heed, for I am compassionate.
22:26 for that is his only covering, it is his garment for his skin; wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto Me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.
כ"ב:כ"ו אֲרֵי הִיא כְסוּתֵהּ בִּלְחוֹדַהּ הִיא תוֹתְבֵהּ לְמַשְׁכֵּיהּ בְּמָא יִשְׁכּוּב וִיהֵי אֲרֵי יִקְבֵל קֳדָמַי וֶאֱקַבֵּל קְבִלְתֵּהּ אֲרֵי חַנָנָא אֲנָא:

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